Gout in Foot

Gout, which is usually caused by the accumulation of uric acids in the joints, occurs throughout the body, but is very evident on the feet. It is a result of hyperuricemia (high levels of uric acid in the blood) that stems from the liver’s overproduction of uric acid.

The body is unable to cope with this overproduction – the uric acid is too much to flush out through urination, and too much for the kidneys to filter.

The excess uric acid then starts to crystallize and settle in the joints (especially on the feet), setting off inflammation, pain, and stiffness. Foot gout is especially harsh on the big toe’s first metatarsophalangeal joint and on the ankle joints.

 

What are the symptoms of gout?

Gout in foot typically forms in the big toe’s joint (also called hallux). The area usually becomes red, painful, swells up, and oftentimes also stiffens. Patients experiencing gout foot pain usually find it very hard to move the toe, which becomes very sensitive.

Gout is a particularly fast disease – the symptoms develop in as little as one day. Foot gout usually forms on one joint at a time, but in some rare cases, can form in two or three joints at the same time. It must be treated immediately, because it can harm the joints and in worst cases, cause disability.

 

What causes foot gout?

Uric acid buildup in the joints is the main cause of gout in foot. Some people are more prone to it than others. For example, patients who are obese, patients with diabetes, sickle cell anemia, and kidney problems are more likely to develop foot gout. Some studies by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases seem to indicate that people with a family history of gout are prone to it as well.

People who drink alcohol often may also be prone to gout. Alcohol impedes the body from effectively ridding itself of uric acid, thus encouraging gout. People who are exposed to lead, eat rich diets that include a lot of purine, and take medications such as aspirins and diuretics (among others) may also be susceptible to foot gout.

 

How to diagnose gout in feet?

The healthcare professional usually draws a synovial fluid sample (fluid lubricating the joint) via injection. The synovial fluid is then tested in a laboratory to verify if crystals of uric are present. There should be no bacteria on the fluid; otherwise, there may be an infection.

 

What treatment options available for foot gout?

Treatment of gout foot pain involves decreasing uric acid in the feet’s joints. Some patients may be given nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (also called NSAIDs). Samples of this medication include naproxen and indomethacin.

REMEMBER: NSAIDs should only be taken as instructed by a physician. If taken or used improperly, they may cause severe side effects on the heart and on the gastrointestinal system. Some patients are advised to take corticosteroids (oral or injection).

The mentioned medications usually work in about seven days. Other medications which can be taken in combination with the mentioned medications include probenecid and colchicines.

DO NOT self-medicate – always ask the opinion of a licensed doctor.